What I think we have here is a number of different but overlapping issues, and panic and confusion is setting in to how these play out. I think it will be important to regard easch of these as their own seperate issue with their own solutions and focus on those rather than to lump them all together and become subsumed with fear.
Biggest issues as I see them, and all coming into confluence right now:
1.) Short-term US deficits
2.) Medium to Long Term US debt
-Easy confused with the budget deficit, but they are not the same thing and shouldn't automatically be treated as such
3.) Eurozone structural problems and debt
4.) US economic growth and umemployment
5.) China, Trade balances, manufacturing base, etc IE "Other"
As far as relevance to the current crisis, I'd put them in the following order in terms of importance:
3, 4, 2, 1 and 5(somewhere in there)
The headline for the downgrade is catching, and the dysfunction of our govt is astounding, but the fact remains the US is the largest, most dynamic and most productive economy in the world. Even China's rise is not going to change that anytime soon.
We are still growing (albeit slowly) as of Q2'11. Contrast this with Q4'08 where GDP was
-10%. In that time, businesses and individuals have been deleveraging and bringing down debt. Household debt is still high, and a major drag on growth (likely #1) and businesses are literally sitting on trillions in cash. They are far more lean and productive than they were 3 yrs ago.
The current deficit is large and needs to be properly managed, but I have not seen any credible economists who say this must be balanced right now. Econ theory, backed by many historical examples, shows this would be a terrible idea and likely exercise in futility. However, there needs to be some serious reconning to our priorities what debt is important to have, how it contributes to the growth of the econ, and what we are really willing to pay for. More debt will be needed to get us out of this fix, but th usefullness of it should be carefully weighed. Leads to issue #2.
The debt is large in $$, but its still not unmanageable and actually not that bad compared to the rest of the world. For reference, Japan's debt is 228% GDP, and Libya is the lowest at ~3% GDP. Also to note, the yeild on a 10 yr Japanese bond is
1% or less. Japan is also rated AA+.
This is not a call to massively increase the debt, but its important to keep some perspective about it before we start introducing suicidal financial policies (like we nearly did in almost defaulting on our debt.) How many times your yearly salary do you owe on your house?
Let's not be blinded by huge numbers and panic. Today's debt and deficits are a result of policy choices that have been in the making for decades. They are just now starting to finally blow up in our faces due to the downturn. We can try to just blame Obama and/or Bush all we want, but that keeps us from seeing the deeper and longer term problems. There is a pretty clear trendline we need to address, and just changing Presidents from a D to and R isn't going to change that.
Partisans just want to point to the last few clicks of the graph and say the trouble is all just in there, or just a few points in further. I think the truth is the Great Recession was merely the tide finally moving out and exposing the raging shoals that we've ignored for too long. For thirty years we've been on a consistant mission to both massively increase military spending and big entitlement programs, meanwhile slashing taxes. I can't think anyone can be surprized by the results of this. SS, Medicare, the Pentagon and interest on debt are 70% of gov't spending. Tax revenues are at their lowest share of GDP since just after WW2. No one has said no to anything for far too long.
Everyone knows this cannot continue.
R's have to give in on tax increases and military spending. D's have to give in entitlement reforms. There is plenty of debate to what that should look like, but D's and R's cannot even admit
all that must happen.
As far as the other stuff: Europe is really really important to the global econ right now, even tho I gave it the least amt of space. More so than the US. Our problems are mostly a lack of will imo, but the Eurozone has some deep seated problems that won't be easy to fix, and have even less of a will to do.
Badness all around, but this too shall pass.
I'm not a seller here, but I'm not buying either.